Filmed on 1 March 2016; published on 12 March 2016
Written in Santa Clarita, California, on returning from a trip up the California Central Valley in springtime.
Previous title: The Great Depression, Homelessness Today, and Criminal Justice Reform
- VIDEO BY ALICE
- SUMMARY OF THE VIDEO
- My Mother’s Story About Employment of the Homeless for Public Works in the Great Depression
- A Recent News Story about a Homeless Encampment
- On Restorative Justice and Work Ethic Education of Prisoners
- HOW SAN FRANCISCO IS DEALING WITH ITS 6,000 HOMELESS
- THE SHANTYTOWNS OR ‘HOOVERVILLES’ OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
- THE NEW DEAL AND PUBLIC WORKS TO EMPLOY THE UNEMPLOYED
- FOOTNOTES
Dear Ones,
A video about the homeless encampments of the Great Depression, the situation in America today, and the solutions implemented by President Theodore Roosevelt long ago. What answers to this problem might be usefully considered today? Also, American work furlough programs as the wave of the future for prisoners convicted of less notably violent crimes.
There is an edited Summary after the video. Then there are additional sections that supplement the topic of the video.
VIDEO BY ALICE
SUMMARY OF THE VIDEO
Hello, Dear Ones, It’s Alice. I Am of the Stars.
I thought I would tell you a story that my mom told me, in relation to a newspaper story that I saw the other day. The two are related, but they are miles apart in terms of years and generations …
My Mother’s Story About Employment of the Homeless for Public Works in the Great Depression
When I was very young, my mother told me the story of the Great Depression. That was the time she lived through before I was born. In the time of the Great Depression, there was no work to be had. There were a number of reasons why many men could not find work at all. And so, she said, they left their homes and their families, in hopes of finding work elsewhere. And they roamed around and lived under bridge abutments, off the sides of roads, in crude encampments of tent dwellings … and looked for work from there, in hopes that they could get money to support their families.
These tent villages were huge sometimes; and there was some lawlessness there … sometimes fighting and brawling and alcohol drinking, and maybe even occasionally murders … and of course there was a problem with sanitation, and how they might find enough food to eat; and whether their tents would hold up in a rainstorm, whether they could be warm in the snow, and so forth.
These were desperate men. And the people in the towns, who lived near these homeless encampments, would come to the tent villages, and there would be huge fights and killings and drivings off of people, and so forth.
Then finally it came to the attention of the government, and they tried to think of a solution to this problem. One of the things they came up with, was the idea of hiring these people to do public works projects all over the United States … and often in areas that were rural.
So they would hire them. And in that way these people would have just enough money to support their families. And the Works Progress Administration would hire them; and in that way these people would have just enough money to support their families. And they would transport them to very rural locations.
One of the ideas I have is that then they could get into no trouble; there would be no alcohol; they could get their food supplied for them; and they would be with other people who were in equal economic straits, in a place where there was really nothing to be done but very hard work … with good results too, because among these public works projects of the 1930s, many still remain today. Bridges were built all over the United States. They worked on all kinds of public projects, including roads. And they did great work, very enduring work that is still there. They built the transportation system of America.
Link: “The Living New Deal” … https://livingnewdeal.org/ ..
During a time when there was no hope, the government helped to supply them with a living for themselves and their families.
A Recent News Story about a Homeless Encampment
That is mom’s story. And so now to get to the story that I saw in the newspaper that I saw in the newspaper the other day: I saw a story about a homeless encampment in San Francisco. There wree problems that were reminiscent of the homeless encampments in the 1930s, problems with lawlessness, sanitation, the use of drugs, and so on.
Consequently the government ordered that everyone leave that area. Some people complied, and some people would not comply. At the time that I read this newspaper article, there were people who were determined to stay and express their right to be where they were.
I feel it is time for the government to consider what can be done to employ these people. For instance, there was a nurse there who had lost her work. What can be done to turn around this situation? How can these people be housed? How can they receive medical care? How can they get hope back into their lives?
It is important. This time is now. We do not want homelessness and lawlessness in our cities. But the answer is not violence. The answer is not government edicts to move on. The answer is some constructive thing that can help them to achieve whatever goals they may have that are positively oriented towards society.
I hope this will be considered in the near future, for America. We thought of it long ago. This is just like a redux; it is a return to something to help them maintain their ideal of the American dream, just as we who are homed hope to maintain that ideal.
On Restorative Justice and Work Ethic Education of Prisoners
There is one more thing that I found out during my recent road trip north through California. I was in Ukiah, the county seat of Mendocino County, where there was a work realignment program that allowed all but violent criminals to work at jobs like emptying trash receptacles and road work, and so forth, and then just be in prison at night.
Link: “Corrections: Alternative Programs,” at Mendocino County Sheriff’s Office … http://www.mendocinosheriff.com/corrections/workrelease.html … Home Detention, Work Release, Work Furlough
I believe this was for people who had been convicted of crimes that were not notably violent. This seems to be the wave of the future for criminal justice: Not so much to house people in hopeless circumstances, where they simply scheme to get back at society for what has been done to them, but instead to allow them a chance to work towards a change in their attitude … a chance to have jobs like other people have, and a chance to be treated more humanely, so that they can begin to learn the true rules of society. I say this because I feel it likely that people who operate from the perspective of the criminal mind have not been granted that kind of view of the way that society functions, that most people get. So this is a chance to do that.
You all take care. Love you lots. Bye bye.
Photos by Alice
Image: “Central California 1,” by Alice B. Clagett, 1 March 2016, CC BY-SA 4.0
Image: “Central California 1,” by Alice B. Clagett, 1 March 2016, CC BY-SA 4.0
Image: “Central California 2,” by Alice B. Clagett, 1 March 2016, CC BY-SA 4.0
Image: “Central California 2,” by Alice B. Clagett, 1 March 2016, CC BY-SA 4.0
Image: “Central California 3,” by Alice B. Clagett, 1 March 2016, CC BY-SA 4.0
Image: “Central California 3,” by Alice B. Clagett, 1 March 2016, CC BY-SA 4.0
[This is the end of the video. The following are supplemental sections …]HOW SAN FRANCISCO IS DEALING WITH ITS 6,000 HOMELESS
I recently perused an article that mentioned there are now 6,000 homeless in San Francisco …
LInk: “San Francisco Wants Homeless to Leave Tent Camp, But Some Vow to Fight,” by Thomas Fuller, 26 February 2016 … http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/27/us/san-francisco-wants-homeless-to-leave-tent-camp-but-some-vow-to-fight.html?_r=0 ..
San Francisco’s response to this problem was to evacuate a tent city on Division Street, citing health problems. Of course, the larger problem is: What to do about the homeless all across America.
THE SHANTYTOWNS OR ‘HOOVERVILLES’ OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
This Wikipedia article describes the homeless encampments of the Great Depression …
LInk: “Hooverville” … https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hooverville ..
In the early 1930s, millions were homeless. Those living on the streets numbered in the hundreds of thousands.
In bitter derision of then-President Herbert Hoover, homeless shantytowns were termed ‘Hoovervilles’. Homeless families were camped out in New York’s Central Park. There were eight Hoovervilles in Seattle. There was a very large Hooverville in St. Louis as well, with 4 districts and its own mayor.
“The Bonus Army” was a group of World War I veterans who established a Hooverville in the District of Columbia. At its peak, this shantytown numbered 15,000 veterans seeking their benefits. Apparently, there was much violence surrounding this encampment. Here is a very famous photo of veterans fighting with law enforcement …
Image: “Photograph of Bonus Marchers,” Signal Corps Photographer, 1932, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bonus_marchers_05510_2004_001_a.gif … public domain
Image: “Photograph of Bonus Marchers,” Signal Corps Photographer, 1932, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bonus_marchers_05510_2004_001_a.gif … public domain
The Bonus Army shantytown was finally burned down …
Image: “Shacks, Put Up by the Bonus Army on the Anacostia Flats, Washington, D.C., Burning After the Battle with the Military. The Capitol in the Background,” Signal Corps Photographer, 1932, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Evictbonusarmy.jpg … public domain
Image: “Shacks, Put Up by the Bonus Army on the Anacostia Flats, Washington, D.C., Burning After the Battle with the Military. The Capitol in the Background,” Signal Corps Photographer, 1932, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Evictbonusarmy.jpg … public domain
Image: “Unemployed Men Queued Outside a Depression Soup Kitchen Opened in Chicago by Al Capone, 02/1931,” U.S. Information Agency, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Unemployed_men_queued_outside_a_depression_soup_kitchen_opened_in_Chicago_by_Al_Capone,_02-1931_-_NARA_-_541927.jpg … public domain
Image: “Unemployed Men Queued Outside a Depression Soup Kitchen Opened in Chicago by Al Capone, 02/1931,” U.S. Information Agency, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Unemployed_men_queued_outside_a_depression_soup_kitchen_opened_in_Chicago_by_Al_Capone,_02-1931_-_NARA_-_541927.jpg … public domain
It looks like a similar situation existed in Houston in the 1930s …
Image: “Huts and Unemployed, West Houston and Mercer St., Manhattan,” Image ID: 482853,” by Berenice Abbott, 25 October 1935, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Huts_and_unemployed_in_West_Houston_and_Mercer_St_by_Berenice_Abbott_in_Manhattan_in_1935.jpg … public domain
Image: “Huts and Unemployed, West Houston and Mercer St., Manhattan,” Image ID: 482853,” by Berenice Abbott, 25 October 1935, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Huts_and_unemployed_in_West_Houston_and_Mercer_St_by_Berenice_Abbott_in_Manhattan_in_1935.jpg … public domain
Image: “‘A Bennett Buggy’: An Automobile Powered by Horses Because Its Owner Couldn’t Afford Gas,” University of Saskatchewan Archives, 1935, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=Bennett+Buggy&title=Special%3ASearch&go=Go&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1#/media/File:35bennettbuggy.jpg … public domain
Image: “‘A Bennett Buggy’: An Automobile Powered by Horses Because Its Owner Couldn’t Afford Gas,” University of Saskatchewan Archives, 1935, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=Bennett+Buggy&title=Special%3ASearch&go=Go&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1#/media/File:35bennettbuggy.jpg … public domain
Here are more photos from the Hooverville era …
Link: “Hoovervilles” … https://carolyngreatdepression.weebly.com/hoovervilles.html ..
THE NEW DEAL AND PUBLIC WORKS TO EMPLOY THE UNEMPLOYED
The New Deal was President Theodore Roosevelt’s answer to the Great Depression. See …
LInk: “New Deal,” in Wikipedia … https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Deal#Public_works ..
President Roosevelt’s Public Works program, mentioned in the video and in the Wikipedia article, put many homeless men to work building bridges, dams, courthouses, post offices, and roads. It might be good to have such a government program today to employ the homeless and help build a better America.
Image: “6,000 Men and a Scenic Boulevard,” Civil Works Administration, San Francisco, CA, ca. 1934, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CWA_6000_men.jpg … public domain
Image: “6,000 Men and a Scenic Boulevard,” Civil Works Administration, San Francisco, CA, ca. 1934, in Wikimedia Commons … https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CWA_6000_men.jpg … public domain
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In love, light and joy,
I Am of the Stars
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